Urban air traffic, as an important application scenario for low altitude economy, expands transportation from two-dimensional plane to three-dimensional plane, fundamentally subverting the urban development logic centered on ground transportation since the Industrial Revolution. This will help to alleviate urban traffic congestion, expand economic space, and promote the integrated development of major urban agglomerations. Overall, urban air traffic in China is in its infancy. At present, traditional general aviation aircraft are still the mainstay of urban air traffic in China, with fixed wing general aviation aircraft, helicopters, and other aircraft occupying a dominant market position. Although the technology of new low altitude aircraft continues to break through, it has not yet achieved large-scale commercial operation. The manned applications such as Airbus are still in the experimental verification stage, and there is still a certain distance to go before they can be operated normally. Yihang Intelligent EH216-S has become the world's first eVTOL enterprise to collect all three airworthiness certificates, and Hefei Heyi Aviation Co., Ltd. has obtained the world's first certificate of operation for civil unmanned manned aircraft, which signifies a new milestone in China's urban air traffic. At present, various regions are actively exploring the path of "carrying goods first and then carrying people, suburban areas first and then cities", gradually expanding from specific scenarios to normalized operations. As pioneers in the development of low altitude economy, Shenzhen and Guangzhou are the most active in exploring urban air traffic. The world's first eVTOL cross sea and cross city route has completed its first demonstration flight in Shenzhen and Zhuhai. The first "low altitude+rail" air rail intermodal project jointly built by Shenzhen Railway Group and Eastern Navigation has opened, demonstrating the enormous potential of urban air traffic in alleviating ground traffic pressure. However, the development of low altitude urban transportation still faces three major challenges: firstly, the top-level design and regulatory system are not yet sound. Compared with ground activities, low altitude flight has greater negative externalities, and safety supervision is particularly important. Secondly, there is a shortage of infrastructure. The current low altitude infrastructure of general aviation airports, take-off and landing points, and meteorological stations has not yet been included in the planning and construction system, and most traditional meteorological infrastructure cannot meet the needs of low altitude flight. Thirdly, the initial investment cost of low altitude economy is high, but the profit model is not yet clear, and the business model needs to be improved. Further promoting the early realization of large-scale commercial application of urban air traffic requires collaborative efforts at multiple levels: improving the top-level design and regulatory system, perfecting the full chain policy system from airworthiness certification to operational supervision, and enhancing the ability to supervise low altitude flight safety. Strengthen the coordinated construction of infrastructure, incorporate low altitude infrastructure into the urban and rural planning and construction system, improve the low altitude airspace map and takeoff and landing facility layout; Upgrade traditional meteorological infrastructure to meet the specialized needs of low altitude flight. Explore sustainable business models. Breaking through key technological bottlenecks, focusing on core technologies such as battery life, intelligent flight control, and communication security, effectively reducing operating costs. At the same time, cultivating market demand through demonstration applications, policy guidance, and other means, forming a benign market-oriented development mechanism. Author: Wang Minghui (Director of the Second Research Office of the Industrial Economics Research Department of the Development Research Center of the State Council)