Sci-Tech

New research releases timetable for the 'decline' of celestial bodies in the universe

2025-05-15   

The fate of the universe is closely related to the fate of its celestial bodies, and the ultimate "lifespan" of stars has always been an important topic for human exploration. A research result released on the official website of Radboud University in the Netherlands on the 12th may rewrite people's understanding of the "lifespan" of stars in the universe. Based on Hawking radiation, three astrophysicists from the school have concluded through sophisticated calculations that the last batch of stars in the universe will completely 'decay' after 1078, which is significantly shorter than the previously estimated 101100 years. The relevant paper has been published in the latest issue of the journal Cosmology and Astrophysics. The theoretical basis of this study can be traced back to the revolutionary theory proposed by Hawking in the 1970s. At that time, this physics giant challenged traditional knowledge and pointed out that black holes are not "gluttons" that can only enter but also emit radiation like heating bodies - this is the famous "Hawking radiation" theory. In 2023, the research team published a paper revealing that not only black holes, but also neutron stars and other dense celestial bodies gradually "evaporate" through mechanisms similar to Hawking radiation. This discovery has sparked widespread discussion in academia, with many scholars questioning how long this process will take? The latest research provides a clear answer. Scientists have discovered through precise calculations that if only the Hawking like radiation effect is considered, white dwarfs will disappear after 1078. Previously, it was estimated that white dwarfs would take another 101100 years to evaporate due to the exclusion of such radiation. The team stated that although the time for the "decline" of celestial bodies in the universe has advanced significantly, it is still an astronomical figure, and humans do not need to worry about it. The latest research also reveals an interesting phenomenon: the evaporation time of neutron stars and stellar black holes is the same as 1067 years. This result caught the team off guard - theoretically, black holes with stronger gravity should evaporate faster. The team explained that black holes have no surface, and some of their radiation is reabsorbed by themselves, forming a "braking effect" that suppresses the Hawking radiation process. And the solid-state surface of neutron stars allows radiation to completely escape, so although the gravity is slightly weaker, the evaporation "efficiency" is actually higher. The research team also calculated the "decay" schedules of various other celestial bodies and matter in the universe: without considering the influence of other factors, it takes about 3 × 1089 years for the moon to evaporate through Hawking like radiation alone, 1096 years for supermassive black holes, 10127 years for local interstellar clouds, and 10135 years for dark matter halos in super galaxy clusters. (New Society)

Edit:He Chuanning Responsible editor:Su Suiyue

Source:Sci-Tech Daily

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