With the development of technologies such as artificial intelligence, flexible materials, and biosensors, brain computer interface technology is moving towards practicality, and its application scenarios are experiencing an explosion, with technological iterations racing against time. At the same time, the discipline system of brain computer interface and the construction of talent cultivation mechanism still need to be improved, and patient privacy protection and ethical issues are also receiving increasing attention. The technological boundaries of human-computer interaction are becoming blurred. In the era of AI, will brain computer interfaces be the switch for human evolution? In the Haihe Laboratory of Brain Computer Interaction and Human Computer Integration (hereinafter referred to as "Brain Computer Haihe Laboratory") at Tianjin University, scene applications or "explosions" are carried out. Staff members wear brain electrode caps on their heads and carry small "backpacks" with main control modules on their backs, and use their minds to control the "sixth finger" worn on their wrists, successfully completing fine tasks such as grasping and placing small balls. This finger wearable device, developed by a laboratory team, is also known as the "Divine Worker - Lingxi Finger". There is a telepathic connection in the heart. By using non-invasive brain computer interface technology, control signals emitted by the brain are collected to control the external limbs. ”Wang Zhuang, a member of the Brain Computer Haihe Laboratory team, told reporters that most stroke patients have problems such as hemiplegia or excessive muscle tone. They use their minds to control the "Lingxi Finger" and can cooperate with human hands to assist in grasping, awakening the patient's functional center and peripheral nervous system, and helping with the rehabilitation of hand motor function. Professor Meng Lin, Chief Scientist of the National Key Research and Development Program and Assistant Laboratory Director, said that the working principle of brain computer interfaces is to collect neural signals from the brain and analyze them to convert them into specific instructions. According to the sensing method and the degree of contact between electrodes and the brain, brain computer interfaces are divided into invasive and non-invasive types. The former requires direct implantation of electrodes into the brain to collect more accurate and high-resolution signals; The latter collects signals through electrodes placed on the surface of the scalp, with slightly lower signal resolution and accuracy, but safer and more convenient. From astronaut communication in space to assisting patients with rehabilitation exercises, from mind typing to operating drones... Since American scientists first proposed this "science fiction" concept in 1973, countries have carried out "brain projects" to crack the brain code, and the imagination of mind manipulation in science fiction movies has been brought into reality one by one. The Haihe Laboratory for Brain Computer Interaction and Human Computer Integration at Tianjin University, unveiled in March 2023, has established a fully independent intellectual property system in the field of brain computer interaction and possesses the largest international patent pool for brain computer interaction technology. Ming Dong, Vice President of Tianjin University and Executive Director of Haihe Brain Computer Laboratory, said that China's non-invasive brain computer interface has reached the international advanced level and made significant breakthroughs in the fields of motor nerve rehabilitation and manned spaceflight; Invasive brain computer interfaces are also undergoing clinical trials in multiple scenarios such as spinal cord injury and language decoding. There have been many new wearable medical devices in the medical field, and brain computer interfaces can also play a good role in regulating neuroemotional functions. In March 2025, the National Healthcare Security Administration released the "Guidelines for the Establishment of Neurological Medical Service Price Projects", which specifically established price items for non-invasive brain computer interface adaptation fees, invasive brain computer interface implantation fees, removal fees, etc. for new brain computer interface technologies. After the implementation of project guidelines in various regions, there will be regulations for the charging of brain computer interface medical services. This means that once the brain computer interface technology matures, the path to rapid clinical application has been paved, "said Mingdong. He believes that there will soon be breakthroughs and practical applications of key technologies in fields such as sports rehabilitation, psychiatry, critical care medicine, vision, and hearing. Local level policy support will accelerate its implementation starting from 2025. The Action Plan for Accelerating the Innovation and Development of Brain Computer Interface in Beijing (2025-2030) proposes to break through key core technologies such as brain computer interface electrodes, chips, and encoding and decoding algorithms, and create a world leading intelligent brain computer system; The Action Plan for Future Industry Cultivation of Brain Computer Interface in Shanghai (2025-2030) proposes to achieve high-quality brain control and comprehensive clinical application of brain computer interface products by 2030. At the beginning of the new year in 2025, the Haihe Laboratory of Brain Computer Interaction and Human Computer Integration at Tianjin University, in collaboration with Tsinghua University, released the world's first "dual loop" brain computer interface system solution, achieving efficient control of unmanned aerial vehicles with four degrees of freedom by the human brain. Among the scientific events worth paying attention to in 2025 listed on the website of the British journal Nature, brain computer interfaces are among them. With the continuous breakthroughs in the field of brain computer interfaces, 2025 is expected to become a crucial year for the application of brain computer interfaces. Technological iterations will usher in a large-scale explosion, and application scenarios will become more diverse. ”Mingdong said. As the high ground of global technological competition, the brain computer interface is a key core area for cultivating future industrial development in the race against the world of technological iteration. In 2013, the United States announced the Brain Project, and countries and regions such as Japan, Canada, and the European Union also laid out Brain Projects. In terms of industrialization of brain computer interfaces, foreign technology giants such as Facebook and Google were among the first to carry out this work, while companies like Neuralink have made significant breakthroughs in product research and development. In early 2025, NeuroLink announced that it had successfully implanted a brain computer chip into a third subject's body; Not long ago, the company's equipment obtained the "Breakthrough Medical Device" certification from the US Food and Drug Administration. Consulting firm McKinsey predicts that between 2030 and 2040, the potential scale of brain computer interfaces in serious healthcare and consumer healthcare will be $15 billion to $85 billion and $25 billion to $60 billion, respectively. In 2016, China launched the Brain Project and emphasized the concept of "one body, two wings", which includes utilizing neuroscience research to promote the development of new generation artificial intelligence technologies. In July 2024, led by the Haihe Laboratory of Brain Computer at Tianjin University and in collaboration with research teams from Southern University of Science and Technology, the world's first on-chip brain computer interface intelligent interaction system was successfully developed, creating a biologically intelligent "brain like organ" outside the human body. 'On chip brain' refers to brain like tissue cultured with stem cells on an electrode chip, which utilizes the intelligent functions of a biological brain to attach an electrode chip and emit signals to the outside. The 'on-chip eye' tissue is a biological eye cultivated from human stem cells, which is expected to help people who have lost both eyes and optic nerves' see 'again, providing new ideas for the development of brain computer interface technology. ”Chen Liqun, Chief Scientist of the National Key Research and Development Program and PI (Academic Leader) of the laboratory, said. The world's first on-chip brain computer interface intelligent interaction system has been selected as one of the top ten science and technology news in China in 2024. Li Xiaohong, Chief Scientist of the National Key R&D Program and PI of the laboratory, stated that this has achieved the cultivation of a "brain" for unmanned control of tasks such as obstacle avoidance, tracking, and grasping of robots. It is of great significance for exploring the integration and interaction of new generation living and non living organisms in major national demand areas such as hybrid intelligence, neuromorphic intelligence, and medical rehabilitation. As a typical representative of new quality productivity, brain computer interfaces are accelerating the formation of breakthrough scientific research achievements and innovative applications. In April 2025, the construction of the first comprehensive clinical experimental ward for brain computer interfaces in China, jointly established by the Haihe Laboratory of Brain Computer and Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, will be launched, with a systematic layout of brain computer interface clinical comprehensive solutions for various neurological critical illnesses such as stroke, cerebral palsy, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, etc. The Haihe Laboratory of Brain Computer Technology is a major decision-making deployment for the implementation of the Healthy China strategy by the country, focusing on the academic forefront of brain computer interaction and human-computer integration, and providing strong technological support for seizing the international competitive high ground in the field of brain computer interaction. ”Mingdong said. The industrialization landing still faces challenges. With the release of market demand, the industrialization process in the field of brain computer interfaces is showing a vigorous development trend. As an emerging interdisciplinary major, the implementation of brain computer interface applications still faces many challenges. In the industry's view, brain computer interface is a highly complex "heavy warehouse" technology, and the reserve of brain computer interface professionals is urgently needed. Mingdong said that hundreds of institutions in China, including universities, research institutes, enterprises, and hospitals, have launched brain computer interface business. However, there is a huge shortage of professional talents, which is conservatively estimated to reach more than 200000 by 2030. Moreover, this field is a strategic battleground for countries to compete in, and has been listed in the "Strictly Controlled Technology Catalog" multiple times. The cycle of cultivating compound talents who understand neuroscience and are proficient in engineering development is relatively long. It is urgent to increase the efforts to cultivate diversified and composite talents in this field through independent training, provide the driving force for the development of related industries in China, and take the initiative in the game between major powers. ”Mingdong et al. suggested that the advantageous disciplinary resources of first-class universities should be fully utilized, education comprehensive reform should be deepened, emerging majors in brain computer interface should be laid out urgently, a high-quality education system for brain computer interface majors should be constructed, and the cultivation of top-notch innovative talents should be strengthened to provide strong support for the coordinated promotion of the "three in one" integrated development of brain computer interface education and technology talents. At the same time, regulatory policies and standards in the field of brain computer interfaces still need to be improved. Only by breaking through technological bottlenecks and establishing sound ethical standards, clarifying red lines such as data privacy, life safety, and human experimentation, can brain computer interfaces truly achieve large-scale applications. In February 2024, the Artificial Intelligence Ethics Subcommittee of the National Science and Technology Ethics Committee developed the "Ethical Guidelines for Brain Computer Interface Research"; In July 2024, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology announced the plan for the establishment of the Brain Computer Interface Standardization Technical Committee; In March 2025, the Chinese Academy of Information and Communications Technology will lead the compilation and release of the "Roadmap for Standardization of Brain Computer Interfaces (2025)". Experts believe that conducting brain computer interface therapy requires the establishment of specialized guidelines in terms of ethics and privacy protection, ensuring that all research and treatment follow strict ethical standards; Simultaneously develop secure data processing solutions to ensure that patients' EEG activity data and personal information are fully protected. With the development of neuroscience and human-computer interaction technology, the dependence between humans and machines may become stronger and the boundaries become increasingly blurred. AI will definitely accelerate the development of brain computer interfaces, and brain computer interfaces will also provide more support for the development of AI in reverse. Artificial intelligence is just a form of intelligent technology, and human brain intelligence will not become meaningless under the impact of AI. How humans and machines can coexist harmoniously is a very important and even eternal proposition. The form of human-machine hybrid intelligence will be an important form of future human society development. ”Mingdong said. The ultimate form of brain computer interface has not yet emerged. The future robot should not be a cold, chip and AI driven existence, but a product of human-machine interaction with emotions, warmth, and emotions, "said Mingdong. (New Society)