Currently, artificial intelligence is moving from a technological concept to industrial implementation, becoming a core force in reshaping the global competitive landscape. How to seize the opportunity to achieve transformation and upgrading in the new round of industrial transformation in the face of the roaring intelligent era? At the recently held 2025 National Conference on New Quality Productivity and Intelligent Industry Development, several experts and scholars provided suggestions and explored new paths for industrial upgrading in the intelligent era. The cutting-edge technology is driving profound changes, and a new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation is reshaping the global productivity pattern at an unprecedented speed and breadth. In the view of Yang Mengfei, Chairman of the Chinese Society of Automation and researcher at the China Academy of Space Technology, breakthroughs in cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, blockchain, biotechnology, and new energy are driving profound changes in production methods, organizational forms, and industrial forms. Automation technology, as the core cornerstone of innovative development, has been deeply integrated into economic and social development and national strategic needs, becoming a key engine driving the development of new quality productivity and continuously injecting strong momentum into industrial upgrading, technological innovation, and social progress. This year's government work report proposes to continue promoting the "Artificial Intelligence+" action, better combining digital technology with manufacturing and market advantages, supporting the widespread application of large models, vigorously developing new generation intelligent terminals such as intelligent connected new energy vehicles, artificial intelligence smartphones and computers, intelligent robots, and intelligent manufacturing equipment. Expand the large-scale application of 5G, accelerate the innovative development of industrial Internet, optimize the distribution of national computing resources, and create a digital industrial cluster with international competitiveness. Artificial intelligence, as the core force of the new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation, is not only an important engine for developing new quality productivity, but also an important support for accelerating the construction of a strong manufacturing country. ”Professor Qian Feng from East China University of Science and Technology stated. With the "Artificial Intelligence+" initiative being included in government work reports for two consecutive years, artificial intelligence technology is accelerating its integration into various industries. Among them, manufacturing is an important field for the landing and application of artificial intelligence technology products. It is reported that the application scenarios of artificial intelligence in the industrial field have blossomed everywhere. In industrial research and development design, artificial intelligence can be used for customized product design, modeling and simulation, industrial software, process design, and other fields. In industrial production and manufacturing, artificial intelligence can be used for product quality monitoring, industrial code generation, industrial robot control, product packaging, and other fields. For example, in product quality monitoring, artificial intelligence improves the efficiency and accuracy of industrial quality monitoring through deep learning, real-time monitoring and warning, algorithm analysis, and intelligent system integration. In industrial management, artificial intelligence can be used in areas such as raw material procurement, intelligent management of production and manufacturing, warehousing and logistics, and supply chain management; In industrial product services, artificial intelligence can be used in fields such as intelligent marketing, customer service, and smart products. The industry has formed a consensus that empowering new industrialization with artificial intelligence is one of the important paths to achieve high-quality development of the manufacturing industry. Recently, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has conducted a special study and deployment to promote the development of the artificial intelligence industry and empower new industrialization. It emphasizes the need for systematic planning, coordinated promotion, and integrated implementation of tasks such as strategy, planning, policies, and standards to create a favorable ecological environment for the development of the artificial intelligence industry and empower new industrialization, fully stimulating innovation vitality. Seize the opportunity to build an "industrial brain". How to seize the major strategic opportunity of accelerating industrial applications with artificial intelligence and accelerate the deep integration of artificial intelligence and manufacturing? Qian Feng believes that accelerating the construction of industrial embodied intelligent systems, also known as "industrial brains," is an important measure to promote the deep transformation and upgrading of traditional manufacturing industries. In his opinion, it is necessary to accelerate the construction of an "industrial brain" that integrates the production factors of the entire life cycle of the manufacturing industry, with rapid perception of supply and demand, precise control of manufacturing, and efficient allocation of factors. This will achieve collaborative optimization of the industrial chain, supply chain, and value chain, innovative allocation of production factors, real-time precise control of the manufacturing process, intelligent management of safety and environmental protection operations and maintenance, and intelligent design of new materials and products. This will ensure efficient utilization of resources and energy in the manufacturing process, green and low-carbon production, high-value and high-end products, as well as maximization of the industrial value chain. This will provide high-quality technology supply for the new generation of intelligent manufacturing and digital transformation, provide key driving force for the development of new quality productivity, and inject new momentum into the new industrialization. ”Qian Feng said. Industry experts have also provided solutions to the current problems in China's "industrial brain" construction, such as the need for breakthroughs in key core technologies, insufficient support and motivation for AI enabled manufacturing, and the need to strengthen mechanism innovation and talent cultivation. Firstly, focus on breaking through key core technologies to meet industry demand and solidify the high-quality technology supply of the "industrial brain". We should accelerate the research and development of core technologies such as industrial software and industrial operating systems, promote the integration and innovation of technologies such as industrial metaverse, blockchain, and privacy computing, and improve policies for the first set, batch, and version of applications; Promote the integration of general artificial intelligence technology with industrial mechanisms, knowledge, and scenarios, accelerate the research and development of key core technologies in industrial intelligence such as semi customized FPGA chips, high compatibility compilers, training and inference frameworks; Accelerate the construction of key industry "industrial data spaces" and promote the circulation and sharing of industrial data. Using technologies such as industrial metaverse, artificial intelligence, and the Internet of Things to achieve real-time acquisition of industrial data and create a high-quality industrial corpus. Secondly, focus on the transformation and upgrading of key industries, and build a smart "industrial brain" empowered by artificial intelligence. We need to accelerate the development of a vertical domain model that integrates general and specialized fields in the manufacturing industry, empower upstream and downstream enterprises with disruptive innovations such as DeepSeek, and guide the rapid transformation of AI innovation achievements into the industrial sector; Taking the opportunity of large-scale equipment updates and transformations, accelerate the construction of an "industrial sub brain" that runs through different levels of equipment, production lines, workshops, factories, enterprises, industries, etc., adapts agilely to internal and external environmental changes, and has embodied intelligence; Give full play to the comprehensive advantages of China's manufacturing industry, strengthen technological empowerment, supply chain empowerment, platform empowerment, and ecological empowerment, and expand the depth and breadth of intelligent manufacturing. In addition, policy mechanisms should be strengthened to ensure the deep integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation supported by the "industrial brain". It is suggested to establish a major special project for technological innovation and application of "Industrial Brain", and promote the joint construction of innovation consortia by manufacturing "chain owners" enterprises, national laboratories in artificial intelligence and manufacturing fields, national technology innovation centers, universities and institutions, etc; Promote the open source of "industrial brain" technology framework, algorithm models, component tools, etc., and create an application ecosystem; Guide universities to establish interdisciplinary programs in artificial intelligence and manufacturing, strengthen the cultivation of composite talents for industrial intelligence, and create public service platforms for industrial intelligence innovation incubation, application testing, and technology verification. Experts point out that the current manufacturing industry still faces many challenges in applying artificial intelligence technology, including limited spatiotemporal data samples, difficulty in generating trustworthy data, and difficulty in autonomous system evolution. It is necessary to organically integrate processes, equipment, and knowledge mechanisms, fully integrate knowledge and technology from professional and vertical fields on the basis of a general large-scale model, and build a "general specialized integrated large-scale model". With the development of artificial intelligence big model technology, a large number of research institutions at home and abroad have begun to compete in large model parameter quantity and computing power, which has triggered critical thinking in the academic community on the current path of artificial intelligence development. ”Professor Chen Junlong from South China University of Technology stated that on the one hand, research and application of large models still heavily rely on high-performance computing ecosystems dominated by foreign countries, making it difficult to control the independent security of large model technology; On the other hand, most current industrial intelligence scenarios do not directly utilize the performance of large models and incur computational costs, but instead require more efficient and lightweight models. In response to this issue, Chen Junlong proposed the idea of collaborative innovation between large and small models based on the current research status of large and small models. Based on the current trend of technological evolution and industry practice, the development of artificial intelligence highly relies on the sustainability of energy supply, and energy has become the core bottleneck and ultimate boundary that restricts the breakthrough of artificial intelligence technology. In response, Zhang Chenghui, Vice Chairman of the Chinese Society of Automation and Professor at Shandong University, summarized the development process of new energy system control at home and abroad, especially the landmark control theories and technological achievements formed by China in the large-scale application of new energy, providing key theoretical references and engineering demonstrations for the large-scale application of new energy. He also proposed a new paradigm of deep integration of computing power intelligence power - the meta energy system, to promote the upgrading and digital transformation of the power system. (New Society)