With the continuous advancement of agricultural modernization, the role of technology in improving the quality and efficiency of agricultural production has become increasingly prominent. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and seven other departments recently jointly issued the "Implementation Opinions on Accelerating the Overall Efficiency of the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation System", which clearly proposes to further comprehensively deepen the reform of the agricultural science and technology system, accelerate the realization of high-level agricultural science and technology self-reliance, and provide strong support for the construction of an agricultural power. Throughout the years, China has developed rapidly in the field of agricultural technology innovation and achieved remarkable achievements. For example, Heilongjiang Province, through the scientific and technological war with the Chinese Academy of Sciences on "black soil granary", concentrated on tackling major key technical problems, and the organic matter content per kilogram of black soil in the province increased by 4.1 g compared with four years ago. Promote the deep integration of "good farmland, good seeds, good methods, good opportunities, and good systems", integrate and assemble 74 efficient production increasing technology models, and promote them comprehensively. On the basis of exploring and applying "agriculture+information technology" for many years, Zhejiang Province is accelerating the construction of a "smart agriculture leading zone". This year, 300 digital agricultural factories will be built to achieve full coverage of the "Zhejiang Agricultural Code" commitment certificate for 15 key varieties of agricultural products in three categories. In the future, relying on an integrated intelligent public data platform, around core industries such as planting, animal husbandry, and fisheries, the deep application and effectiveness of artificial intelligence (AI) technology represented by large models in the agricultural field will be accelerated. However, the construction of China's agricultural science and technology innovation system still faces some difficulties. For example, the dispersion of agricultural research forces and the imperfect collaborative mechanism between industry, academia, research, and application have led to low efficiency in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements; The grassroots agricultural science and technology promotion team is weak, making it difficult to timely deliver advanced technology to farmers; Insufficient investment in agricultural technology innovation, especially the main role of enterprises in research and development has not been fully utilized; wait. These factors have constrained the overall efficiency improvement of the agricultural technology innovation system, and it is necessary to break through the bottlenecks and work together from multiple aspects such as institutional and mechanism reform, integration of innovative resources, and talent cultivation. In terms of optimizing top-level design and resource allocation, establish a national level agricultural science and technology coordination mechanism to break down departmental, regional, and disciplinary barriers. Focusing on bottleneck areas such as biological breeding, intelligent agricultural machinery and equipment, and smart agricultural systems, we encourage advantageous scientific research forces to work together to tackle challenges. Improve the classification and evaluation system for scientific and technological achievements, implement differentiated evaluation for different types of achievements such as basic research, applied research, and technological development, and guide researchers to conduct research around the actual needs of the industry. In terms of strengthening the construction of the grassroots agricultural science and technology promotion system, we will expand the scale of the science and technology special envoy team and attract more experts from universities and research institutes to go to the front line. Explore and cultivate local scientific and technological talents in rural areas, rely on vocational colleges and agricultural leading enterprises to carry out skill training, and also use new media methods such as short videos and live broadcasts to provide online technical training and consulting services, forming a technology promotion model that combines online and offline. In terms of stimulating the vitality of innovative entities, we should establish the concept of focusing on leading enterprises in agricultural science and technology, strengthen the position of agricultural enterprises as the main body of scientific and technological innovation, and promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation. Develop inclusive policies and provide corresponding rewards to enterprises leading national level agricultural science and technology projects. Give full play to the guiding role of the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Investment Fund, and guide social capital to invest in the field of agricultural science and technology through risk compensation, loan interest subsidies, and other means. High level construction of agricultural high-tech zones and science and technology innovation centers, providing one-stop services such as technology research and development, achievement transformation, and market promotion for start-up enterprises. (New Society)