China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) recently announced that the total length of China's submarine oil and gas pipelines has exceeded 10000 kilometers, ranking among the top in the world. This marks a comprehensive leap in China's offshore oil and gas pipeline engineering technology and equipment capabilities, and is a milestone in accelerating the development of offshore oil and gas resources and enhancing the country's ability to independently safeguard marine energy. It is reported that the length of 10000 kilometers of submarine oil and gas pipelines is nearly twice the straight-line distance from south to north in China. The specifications for oil and gas pipeline laying have achieved full-size coverage from 2-inch to 48 inch subsea pipes, covering international mainstream types such as single-layer and double-layer pipes. The pipe laying technology and equipment capabilities have reached the international advanced level, and we are at the forefront of the international equipment technology system integrity and other aspects. As the "main artery" for offshore oil and gas transportation, submarine pipelines are regarded as the "lifeline" of the marine oil and gas production system. On the seabed, seamounts, seamounts, and trenches are intricately intertwined, and the medium transported inside submarine pipelines is mostly high-temperature and high-pressure oil and gas. Externally, they face extreme marine environments and harsh geological conditions. As the water depth increases, the pressure on the submarine pipeline increases geometrically. At a depth of 1500 meters underwater, the pipeline has to withstand 150 atmospheres of pressure, which is equivalent to compressing the entire weight of 1.5 household cars onto an A4 sheet of paper. In addition, China is one of the countries with the most complex sea conditions in the world, and has higher requirements for submarine pipeline engineering technology. Therefore, submarine pipeline engineering has the characteristics of high investment, high risk, and high technology, which to some extent represents a country's ability to develop offshore oil and gas. He Chen, Deputy General Manager of China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) Offshore Oil Engineering Installation Branch, introduced that China has broken through technical difficulties such as designing and installing submarine pipelines in harsh sea conditions and complex landforms, and has the ability to independently carry out submarine pipeline engineering construction in the entire sea area of China. A complete technical system for submarine pipeline engineering equipment, including design, construction, and installation, has been established, and a highly independent full industry chain has been cultivated and formed. Since the 14th Five Year Plan, China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) has achieved comprehensive improvement in its pipeline laying capabilities through major engineering projects, with a cumulative pipeline laying of over 1500 kilometers and a maximum operating depth of 1542 meters, achieving a historic leap from shallow water to ultra deep water. The laying of submarine pipelines not only relies on specialized pipe materials and processes, but also requires the support of professional fleets and equipment. From the first generation shallow water anchor S-lay pipe laying ships of "Binhai 106" and "Binhai 109" to the second generation 100 meter anchor S-lay pipe laying ships of "Lanjiang" and "Haiyang Petroleum 202", and then to the first 3000 meter ultra deep water crane pipe laying ship in China, "Haiyang Petroleum 201", the ship equipment continues to iterate, promoting the independent, controllable and comprehensive upgrading of China's offshore pipeline construction. At the same time, CNOOC is actively promoting the digitization and intelligence of pipeline laying auxiliary equipment, independently developing and using intelligent equipment such as automatic welding equipment, submarine cable intelligent monitoring system, and deepwater pipeline laying intelligent monitoring system "Haiwei". The welding quality and laying efficiency of submarine pipelines have been significantly improved, filling multiple international technological gaps. Gong Xuecheng, Deputy General Manager of China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) Offshore Oil Engineering Installation Branch, stated that in recent years, CNOOC has undertaken more than 10 projects in Southeast Asia, the Middle East, Africa, and other regions, laying over 500 kilometers of submarine pipelines, creating multiple industry construction records such as the world's largest submarine pipeline size and heaviest single submarine pipeline. (New Society)