Success brings prosperity, while failure brings decline. Psychological warfare has become an important form of great power game in today's era. Throughout history, war is not only a competition of military strength, but also a game of psychological will. Psychological warfare is a combat action that involves dividing and disintegrating the enemy, weakening their fighting will, consolidating their own psychological defense line, and seeking psychological warfare advantages. There are classic examples of ancient Chinese military strategists using psychological attack and defense tactics to influence or change the opponent's combat will and action decisions. These cases all contain outstanding war wisdom and exquisite struggle art, providing valuable experience for us to study psychological attack and defense under modern war conditions. 'A teacher is strong, and a teacher is old' - the focus of the war of hearts has always been on gaining fame from a teacher. The Annals of the Five Emperors in the Records of the Grand Historian records that the Yellow Emperor pacified the rebellion of Emperor Yan and Chiyou through military and moral governance, creating a narrative of the legitimacy of war based on the "mandate of heaven". Before Yu conquered the Three Miao tribes, he offered sacrifices to heaven and swore allegiance, pointing out that "the Miao people use their spirits for nothing" and "kill the innocent", and that conscripting the Miao was a punishment for heaven. These wars in ancient societies have already shown psychological factors and emphasized the importance of starting a successful battle. With the development of society, people have become more aware of the significant impact of politics on war, and have begun to widely adopt methods such as publishing war memorials, war memorials, and notices to expose the enemy's crimes and clarify justice, thereby reducing internal opposition voices and external interference risks, achieving the effect of seizing the initiative and winning public opinion. Duke Huan of Qi's "respect for the king and resistance against foreign aggression" united with the vassals to resist foreign aggression, Cao Cao's "obeying the emperor's orders and refusing to obey" campaign against the vassals, and Zhu Di's "Qing Jun's side" launched the Jingnan Campaign are all typical political attacks. This enlightens people that in future military struggles, building grand narratives, defining core values, and shaping moral high ground remain the primary options for psychological attack and defense that require strategic planning. Winning because of the enemy "- the key to attacking the heart lies in accurately grasping the enemy's psychology. Sun Tzu applied the principle of "winning because of the enemy" to psychological warfare, pointing out: "Therefore, there will be five dangers: death, which can be killed; life, which can be captured; anger, which can be insulted; integrity, which can be humiliated; love for the people, which can be annoying." In response to the different psychological characteristics of the enemy, different strategies will be adopted to win the war. In the Battle of Feishui, the Eastern Jin general Xie Xuanli used the arrogance and underestimation of the former Qin emperor Fu Jian to cleverly cross the river and defeat the Qin army in a decisive battle. In the Battle of Guandu, Cao Cao took advantage of Yuan Shao's timidity and greed for profit, and launched a surprise attack on Wuchao to reverse the situation and achieve victory in the battle. In "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", Zhuge Liang utilized Sima Yi's suspicious personality and cleverly arranged an empty city plan by hiding banners, sprinkling water to sweep the streets, and playing the qin on railings, winning time for the retreat of the Shu army. No matter how the war evolves, people are always the decisive factor. By fully utilizing the weaknesses and loopholes exposed by the opponent, implementing psychological attacks, and immersing them in a "foggy space" where truth and lies are intertwined, beliefs are confused and weakened, and emotions are fluctuating and disordered, one can constrain, influence, and even change the direction of the war situation. Soldiers are also cunning. "- In mental warfare, the emphasis is more on military tactics and unexpected victories. The essence of strategy lies in attacking the heart, systematically creating the enemy's illusion, and it is an important method to form advantages, seize initiative, and even defeat the enemy without fighting. Many successful "alienation schemes" and "anti alienation schemes" in history, such as the Qin army's substitution of Zhao Kuo for Lian Po, Chen Ping's estrangement of Xiang Yu from Fan Zeng, and Zhou Yu's assassination of Cai Mao, Zhang Yun, and others by Cao Cao, are examples of strategic and offensive tactics. According to the Zuo Zhuan, in the 33rd year of Duke Xi's reign, the state of Qin wanted to launch a surprise attack on the state of Zheng. When the Qin army secretly advanced to the vicinity of the state of Hua, Zheng merchant Xian Gao, who was doing business in the state of Hua, heard the news and sent people back to China to report while driving twelve cows to reward the Qin army under the pretext of the monarch. The commander-in-chief of the Qin army thought that the state of Zheng was already prepared, so he gave up the plan to attack Zheng and easily destroyed the state of Hua before returning. With the wisdom of one person, avoiding the disaster of the whole country is precisely the practical effect of strategy and attacking the heart. The essence of military strategy lies in strategic planning. In modern multi domain battlefields, command and control elements are more complex, and generative artificial intelligence and big data support assist decision-making. Psychological attack and defense operations require flexible and mobile implementation of information warfare, using forms such as "hiding truth and showing falsehood" and "sounding east and west" to confuse the opponent's psychological perception and achieve "brain control and heart attack". 'There is no greater sorrow than the death of the heart' - the goal of psychological warfare is to deter submission and destroy will. In ancient times, armies were often claimed to be tens of thousands or even millions, which was not a meaningless exaggeration, but an effective deterrence against the enemy. The allusions of "grass and trees are all soldiers" and "the wind and cranes are trembling" are all vivid portrayals of intimidating and attacking the heart. There is no greater sorrow than the death of the heart. A powerful psychological shock can make the other person fearful, desperate, and even mentally collapse, achieving the effect of "being completely useless". In the Battle of Changping, Qin general Bai Qi surrounded Zhao, cutting off the grain road, trapping water sources, and spreading rumors, causing the morale of the Zhao army to be weakened and the entire army to be annihilated. In the Battle of Gaixia, Han soldiers sang Chu songs at night, causing Chu soldiers to feel homesick and flee in all directions. Xiang Yu was unable to return to heaven and ultimately committed suicide in the Wujiang River. The song 'Victory without fighting, soldiers without creativity' completely breaks down the psychological defense line of a group of grieving soldiers, which is the power of emotional turmoil and intimidation to attack their hearts. In fact, future wars such as "political warfare," "mixed warfare," and "total warfare" emphasize the comprehensive use of "all means," cutting off and opposing the opponent's connections with the people, social relationships, emotional lineages, and resource channels, which is more likely to breed a pessimistic mood of panic, helplessness, and fear of no help, thus achieving the combat effect of "subduing the enemy without fighting. Martial arts serve as the exterior, while literature serves as the interior "- Psychological warfare and military warfare complement each other and cannot be separated. History has proven that without strong military strength as a backing, psychological warfare is difficult to achieve results. Zhang Yi and Su Qin were both students of Guiguzi, and their lobbying skills were equally skilled. However, the fundamental reason for Zhang Yi's success in "uniting horizontally" and Su Qin's failure in "uniting vertically" was the difference in military strength represented by both sides. The strong military strength of Qin laid a solid foundation for Zhang Yi's diplomatic struggle. As he once threatened with 'relying on the rescue of a weak country and forgetting the disaster of strengthening Qin', he forced the King of Chu to withdraw from the alliance and even rebelled against Qin. Although Su Qin briefly led Zhao, Qi, Wei, Han, Chu and other five countries to form an anti Qin alliance, the alliance of the five countries had different dreams and could not form a joint force. As a result, they only sent troops once and ended hastily. It can be seen that the fundamental reason for the failure of the "United Front" is the lack of strong military strength to support it. The essence of fighting a 'military psychological warfare' is to use strength as a backing and psychological warfare as a means to force the opponent to surrender, in order to achieve combat effectiveness. Without military support, mental warfare is like a castle in the air. War is unpredictable, water is unpredictable. In the era of information and intelligence, psychological attack and defense methods are complex and diverse, and can be flexibly applied. However, there are laws and methods to follow in all changes. Only by maintaining sufficient strategic determination, consolidating strategic wisdom, focusing on improving combat effectiveness, and using flexible attack and defense methods can we "see through the clouds and see the moon" and achieve "victory of the heart". (New Society)