Preventing surprise attacks is the action of guarding against and resisting the opponent's use of deception, misleading, or asymmetric means to launch a sudden attack. Although modern reconnaissance technology has improved battlefield transparency and significantly reduced the concealment of traditional military raids, the arrival of the intelligent era has given rise to a large number of "unexpected" raid modes that break through traditional battlefield cognition, and is overturning inherent defense thinking. The anti surprise operation should actively seek change, re-examine and "design" the key points of prevention, and adopt corresponding strategies to effectively respond to the risks and hazards brought by the opponent's surprise operation, ensuring that the initiative is taken in future confrontations. More attention should be paid to preventing new types of deception and surprise attacks. The Art of War by Sun Tzu states: "Soldiers are cunning." Concealing truth and revealing falsehood, deceiving and disguising, creating illusions to conceal true intentions, disrupting the opponent's judgment and decision-making, and achieving the effect of catching them off guard, has always been the key path to victory in surprise attacks. In the future, driven by new technologies such as artificial intelligence and big data, new types of surprise attacks and deception methods represented by "smart deception" have undergone fundamental leaps, and should be highly vigilant. One is to shift from "inefficient and time-consuming" to "efficient and inexpensive". In the past, manual deception was often time-consuming, labor-intensive, and had limited effectiveness. Nowadays, with the help of technologies such as virtual reality and deep forgery, it is possible to quickly generate massive amounts of fake information, forge fake targets, and send false signals at extremely low cost. This greatly increases the ambiguity and difficulty of information analysis, making it difficult for opponents to distinguish truth from falsehood and prone to misjudgment. The second is to shift from "extensive distribution" to "precise customization". In the past, deception mainly relied on extensive methods, often resulting in a lack of success. Now, relying on technologies such as big data profiling and cloud computing analysis, differentiated deception plans can be customized for decision-makers of different levels and styles, implementing precise and personalized deception, making it easier to lead opponents into pre-set traps. In order to effectively crack the war "fog" carefully created by opponents in future operations, on the one hand, we need to focus on strengthening the research and development of deep forgery detection technology based on artificial intelligence. Not only should we quickly "detect" the opponent's artificial intelligence "forgery", but we also need to achieve precise positioning and traceability of the forgery source and transmission chain, providing strong support for implementing efficient countermeasures. On the other hand, it is necessary to strengthen anti artificial intelligence deception training, not only highlighting the learning of new deception technology principles, methods, and countermeasures, cultivating critical thinking habits and information recognition abilities based on evidence and multi-source verification, but also vigorously exploring new decision-making models of "artificial intelligence assisted+team collaboration" to prevent falling into cognitive "pitfalls" customized by opponents for individual decision-makers. More attention is being paid to preventing mixed attacks from multiple domains. Currently, the modern attack mode is accelerating its evolution, with the means of action shifting from traditional military dominance to comprehensive applications such as politics, economy, military, and culture. The combat space is expanding from traditional land, sea, and air acceleration to emerging fields such as space, networks, electromagnetics, deep sea, polar regions, and biology. The organizational model is upgrading from traditional single domain linear "superposition" to multi domain integration and overall linkage. The confrontation between emerging fields and non war military operations, due to the lack of international rules, blurred boundaries between peacetime and wartime, and invisible battlefield struggles, has strong concealment and deception, providing opportunities for potential attackers to take advantage of. What's even more serious is that the opponent can quietly infiltrate during normal times, such as pre installing Trojan viruses, and their actions are not limited by traditional territory or airspace, without the need for huge investment or large-scale troop mobilization. They can lurk for a long time and be remotely controlled. Once activated, they have an instant explosive and chain spreading effect, which can quickly create a "bottom-up" chaos; Taking this opportunity again, the seemingly dispersed multi domain combat forces were quickly "clenched into fists" across domains as needed to form a joint force, implementing a sudden heavy blow of "first battle, decisive battle", posing unprecedented challenges to the modern anti surprise attack pattern. To this end, on the one hand, we need to deepen national security education, enhance the overall ability of society to identify and resist the risks of surprise attacks, and promote military civilian coordination to systematically investigate key industry security risks, establish and improve risk warning and joint defense mechanisms, and jointly respond to diversified threats. On the other hand, it is necessary to closely track the development of disruptive technologies, scientifically predict the threat trends in emerging fields, and be aware of them before they arise, in order to prevent opponents from launching "technological attacks"; At the same time, we will strengthen independent technological innovation, achieve independent and controllable underlying key technologies, focus on developing key capabilities and equipment systems with asymmetric advantages, and seize the initiative in emerging fields. More attention should be paid to preventing enemy infiltration and surprise attacks. As revealed in the "Art of War" by Sun Tzu, the law of war states that "all warriors should use righteousness and surprise to win". Enemy infiltration and surprise attacks are a typical design of "winning by surprise". Using a small elite force to infiltrate into the enemy's depths, waiting for opportunities to strike and destroy their key nodes and targets, causing a chain reaction of paralysis in their combat system like "pulling one trigger to move the whole body". Under the conditions of modern warfare, the strategic value of this asymmetric combat mode of "pulling a thousand pounds with four or two" has become increasingly prominent. It is worth noting that under the dual drive of globalization and technological diffusion, adversary infiltration raids are undergoing a disruptive transformation. The infiltration methods tend to be concealed and diverse. The infiltration subject is no longer limited to professional strength, greatly increasing the difficulty of identification; The infiltration channels are no longer limited to traditional geographical boundaries, and new approaches such as network intrusion and space technology utilization have greatly expanded the defense field; The penetration depth is no longer limited to the front line and short distance, and with the help of new methods such as civilian facilities and logistics chains, the threat depth is greatly extended. The means of attack tend to be intelligent and efficient. The types of equipment are gradually shifting from relying on traditional individual weapons to low-cost, miniaturized, intelligent, and clustered unmanned systems. The sources of equipment are gradually shifting from relying on self carrying to on-site acquisition. The methods of surprise attacks are gradually shifting from relying on human direct assault to remote communication technology activation, artificial intelligence cluster collaboration, and multi-target saturation strikes, resulting in defense facing the triple dilemma of "late detection, difficult interception, and blind traceability". To this end, on the one hand, it is necessary to popularize knowledge of relevant laws and regulations and security prevention skills, establish social supervision channels and joint defense cooperation mechanisms, and build a solid overall security "firewall". On the other hand, high-tech such as blockchain and artificial intelligence should be utilized to achieve transparent supervision, real-time tracking and traceability, and automatic risk warning of the entire process of related materials. Strengthen the development and research of anti small and micro unmanned combat systems, and enhance the real-time and effective prevention. (New Society)