Chinese online literature: from being "niche" domestically to becoming "popular" both domestically and internationally
2025-11-20
Recently, the 2025 China Network Literature Forum (hereinafter referred to as the "Forum") with the theme of "Big Era, Big Vision, Big Literature - Network Literature in the New Form of Civilization" was held in Quanzhou, Fujian. The forum focuses on three major topics: "creation," "going global," and "publishing," delving into the creative ecology and dissemination trends of online literature, presenting a new picture of the development of Chinese online literature. 20 years ago, when I typed the first line of "Zhu Xian" in a rental house in Cangshan, Fuzhou, I never imagined that online literature would develop to the scale it has today. ”Xiao Ding, Vice Chairman of the Fujian Writers Association and Chairman of the Network Writers Branch, said, "Today, online literature has long shed its former 'niche' label and become an important part of people's cultural life. Chinese online literature has built a complete ecological chain covering multiple links such as creation, publication, IP adaptation, and overseas dissemination, becoming a highly dynamic 'growth pole' in the cultural industry. ”Works are the foundation of the development of online literature. How to promote the high-quality development of online literature through narrative innovation is an important topic of concern for the attending writers and experts at this forum. The End of Ten Days "is a recently popular online novel. The author, a member of the insecticide team, believes that online literature should have a" sense of the internet "and provide readers with a new reading experience, which cannot be separated from the reference to other art forms. My narrative perspective draws inspiration from games, like placing a camera on the protagonist's shoulder, where readers follow the protagonist's senses to listen, see, smell, and touch, gaining an immersive experience similar to first person games. This writing style not only creates a sense of suspense in the novel, but also provides readers with a visual and auditory experience similar to that of film and television works. Some writers have noticed that with the advent of the AI era, the cost of developing internet literature IP derivatives will be greatly reduced, entering the fast lane of development. The success of short dramas such as "Home and Outside" also inspired writers to have a sense of adaptation in their creations. On the one hand, we need to deeply cultivate the soil of life and let stories carry the value of the times; on the other hand, we also need to openly learn diverse narrative techniques to adapt to the needs of IP development. ”The online writer "Mo Shubai" said. Promoting the refinement of online literature creation has become a consensus in the industry, and various writers' associations and online literature platforms have also launched creative support programs. At this forum, the "Golden Conch" online literature creation support plan was released, focusing on five major topics: ocean culture and the community with a shared future for mankind, cross-strait integration and national rejuvenation, artificial intelligence and digital humanities. Original works were publicly solicited and financial support was provided. Strengthening the linkage between online literature and publishing, the massive amount of high-quality works in online literature provides a source of content for the publishing industry. This forum has set up a sub forum called "Online Literature 'Publishing+' Exchange Conference", inviting professionals from the publishing industry to participate in the dialogue. Online literature has broken down the barriers between elite writing and mass writing, and also broadened the content boundaries of traditional publishing industry. ”Yan Hui, Deputy Editor in Chief of the Writer's Publishing House, said. Since 2020, the company has published a series of books titled "Introduction to Famous Works of Internet Literature Masters", with 30 books published so far. This set of books is presented in the form of a 50000 word guide for scholars and a selection of 200000 words for famous works, promoting and researching excellent works, leaving a mark on the development of online literature, and providing important references for researchers and policy makers. Traditional publishing houses must step out of their comfort zone, value the influence of online literature, and actively research reader needs and develop targeted product plans. ”Xue Yinsheng, the president of Baihua Literature and Art Publishing House, stated that attention should be paid to two aspects: first, finding the right combination point and excavating suitable online literary works and comments for paper publishing; The second is to focus on the key points of development, plan high-quality books that meet traditional publishing standards, promote the refinement of online literature through publishing, and at the same time build a platform for traditional writers and online writers to exchange ideas. The sub forum also held a new book release ceremony for "China Online Literature Theory Review Annual Selection (2024)". The Annual Selection of Chinese Network Literature Theory Reviews has been continuously published since 2018, generating significant response in the academic community. Huang Fayou, the editor in chief of the book, chairman of the Shandong Writers Association, and dean of the School of Literature at Shandong University, introduced that in recent years, he has frequently received emails from scholars from overseas universities such as Harvard University, Columbia University, and Duke University inquiring about channels to purchase the "Annual Selection of Chinese Network Literature Theory Review", reflecting the overseas academic community's attention to Chinese network literature. Relevant papers in overseas English academic journals are also gradually increasing, highlighting the influence of Chinese network literature. The "International Communication Report on Chinese Network Literature (2025)" shows that currently, there are about 200 million active users of Chinese network literature overseas, covering more than 200 countries and regions around the world. At this forum, the new trend of "going global" in online literature has become a hot topic among attendees. The online writer "Jiong Jiong Youyao" started writing online novels in 2008 and subsequently serialized their works simultaneously at Qidian International. In addition to English, her works have also been translated into multiple languages such as Indonesian, Filipino, Spanish, Vietnamese, Thai, etc. The adapted films and TV dramas of her works have been filmed and broadcasted in Vietnam. The reason why Chinese online literature is sought after by overseas readers is that it conforms to the trend of the times and can evoke emotional resonance. The daily life and traditional cultural elements depicted in Chinese online novels have not become obstacles for overseas readers, but rather a major feature that attracts them. One of the main reasons why Chinese online literature can become a unique phenomenon on a global scale is its mechanism for producing original online literature. ”Professor Shao Yanjun from the Department of Chinese at Peking University said, "The original mechanism with network media genes launched by Qidian Chinese website in 2003, including VIP paid reading system, professional writer system, reader user feedback mechanism, etc., has made Chinese online literature different from the amateur writing mode of 'using love to generate electricity' in other parts of the world, created economic benefits, and achieved large-scale literary production based on the 'book friend economy'. ”Nowadays, while replicating the "Qidian model" overseas, Qidian International also actively cultivates local overseas authors. By the end of 2024, the number of original overseas works has reached 100 times that of translated works. The "going global" of online literature cannot be separated from platform construction. Zhangyue has established a three in one overseas dissemination system of "platform+technology+IP" by creating three key products. Ma Yanxia, the editor in chief of Zhangyue Technology, introduced: "These three products are the international version of the iReader App, which has been launched and covers more than 150 countries and regions around the world; The second is iDrama, an overseas short drama platform that has performed well in markets such as the United States, South Korea, Indonesia, Malaysia, and India; The third is the translation tool 'Palm Reading Translation Ape', which provides convenience for overseas readers to more accurately understand the traditional Chinese cultural elements in online articles. ”During the forum, the Network Literature Center of the China Writers Association released the results of the "Generation Z" International Communication Project for Chinese Network Literature (Phase III), launching 6 new episodes of the "Online Literature China" documentary produced in both Chinese and English, each lasting 16 minutes, which were simultaneously launched globally. The documentary invites Charles, the editor in chief of Chireads in France, and overseas readers to conduct in-depth interviews with six Chinese online writers. The project aims to visually disseminate the creative stories, author experiences, and Chinese culture behind Chinese online literature works to the audience in a vivid and lively form. (New Society)
Edit:Yi Yi Responsible editor:Li Nian
Source:www.people.cn
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