2025 was a quite extraordinary year, with China's economy moving forward against all odds and striving for new heights, showing strong resilience and vit. Looking back at the end of the year, the numerous buzzwords that emerged this year are like vivid slices, recording the weather of the economic operation and the direction of policy adjustments and together "pasting" a magnificent picture of economic struggle. 

Hot Word 1: "14th Five-Year Plan" Conclusion
The conclusion of the "1th Five-Year Plan" is approaching.
In 2025, China's economic output is expected to be about 140 trillion yuan, a that has attracted global attention!
New level of quantity – During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the economic increment is expected to exceed 35 yuan, which is equivalent to "re-creating a Yangtze River Delta" and exceeds the economic total of the third-ranked country in the world.
 breakthrough in quality – From 2021 to 2024, China's economy grew at an average rate of 5.5% per year, significantly than the global average, and its contribution rate to world economic growth remained around 30%, playing a vital role in stabilizing the world economy.
Looking back at "14th Five-Year Plan", there are more vivid comments:
Dynamic innovation. "Tiangong" orbits the sky, "Chang'e" the moon, new energy vehicles race around the world, and the fourth-generation nuclear power station lights up thousands of households... During the "14th Five-Year" period, China's R&D investment reached a new high, injecting strong momentum into high-quality development.
The potential of domestic demand burst out. Artificial accelerated the integration into daily production and life, smartphones and smart homes were widely welcomed by the market, and the supply and demand of culture and sports, tourism, and health care became diversified. China remained the second-largest consumer market and the largest online retail market in the world.
The green momentum is surging. China has built the largest fastest-developing renewable energy system in the world, built the world's largest electric vehicle charging network, and has become the country with the fastest improvement in air quality, making major progress in the construction of a beautiful China.
The momentum of China's economic development is more vigorous, and the quality is more vivid.
The "circle friends" of unilateral visa-free countries has expanded to 47 countries, and "China Travel" and "China Shopping" have become new trends. China has practiced the promise that "the door of opening-up will only become bigger" and has brought new opportunities to the world with its own new development.
The process of development never stops and the journey of struggle is endless. Standing at a new historical juncture, stepping onto a new economic total step, China's economy will still go far

Hot Word 2: "More Active   Moderately Loose"
In 2025, implemented the macroeconomic policy combination of "more active fiscal policy" and "moderately loose monetary policy" for the first time.
"More active" is reflected in fiscal deficit rate jumping from 3% last year to a historical high of 4%, including a total of nearly 12 trillion yuan of new government debt, such ultra-long-term special treasury bonds and special bonds, which increased by nearly 3 trillion yuan from last year...
"Moderately loose" reflected in the monetary policy's adherence to a "supportive" stance: a 0.5 percentage point reduction in the reserve requirement ratio and a 0.1 point reduction in interest rates... At the end of October, the year-on-year growth of the scale of social financing and the balance of RMB loans was .5% and 6.5% respectively, and the comprehensive financing cost was at a historical low.
Anchoring the strategic focus on the persistent expansion of domestic demand fiscal and monetary policies work from both the supply and demand sides: The central government has arranged 300 billion yuan of ultra-long-term special treasury bonds to the expansion and implementation of consumer goods trade-ins, with the fund size doubling from last year, effectively boosting residents' "shopping" enthusiasm; implementing fiscal subsidy policies for personal loans and loans to service industry entities, further stimulating the vitality of the consumer market; introducing a 500 billion yuan service consumption and pension re-loan tool leveraging financial resources to tilt towards key areas of service consumption and the pension industry.
In the field of people's livelihood, more capital resources are "invested in people local governments issue an annual subsidy of 3600 yuan to eligible families with children under the age of 3; gradually implementing free preschool education, which alone this fall can reduce family expenditure by 20 billion yuan; many places have further increased the minimum standard of basic pensions for urban and rural residents...
The combined efforts fiscal and monetary policies have released a "1 1>2" effect: The central bank flexibly grasps the rhythm and strength of open market operations to ensure the smooth issu of government bonds; the 500 billion yuan of special treasury bonds replenish the core tier-one capital of the four major state-owned banks, which is to increase the space for credit extension by 6 trillion yuan, further consolidating the foundation for banks to serve the real economy and prevent financial risks.
The "more   moderately loose" fiscal and monetary policy combination works from multiple angles, from boosting and expanding consumption, economic transformation and upgrading to people's livelihood security, which not only stabil the overall economic operation for the year but also accumulates momentum for long-term high-quality economic development.