Currently, the global trend of military intelligence is on the rise. The integration of artificial intelligence technology with weapons and equipment, especially traditional unmanned platforms such as drones, unmanned vehicles, and unmanned boats, has given rise to a series of AI autonomous weapons and equipment with certain autonomous perception, decision-making, and action capabilities, and has achieved multidimensional penetration in combat domains such as land, air, water, underwater, near space, and space, profoundly shaping future combat styles. Practice promotes development layout In the Libyan military conflict in 2020, Türkiye produced "Kagu-2" UAV tracked and attacked the retreating "Libyan National Army" without relying on the operator. This became the first recorded case of a drone launching an attack on a person without human command, marking the beginning of the practical application of autonomous weapons. Since then, the testing and use of artificial intelligence autonomous weapons and equipment have been continuously promoted. In the Russia-Ukraine conflict, AI further enables UAVs to perform reconnaissance, target recognition and precision strike tasks. The Russian "Lancet" cruise missile is equipped with an artificial intelligence chip, which has certain anti-interference and autonomous decision-making capabilities; Ukraine uses the AI voice recognition system Zvook to track the trajectory of cruise missiles and improve air defense efficiency. In the new round of Israeli Palestinian conflict, the Israeli military is accused of using an artificial intelligence system called "Lavender" to identify and target bombing targets within Gaza. Up to 37000 Gaza Palestinians have been marked as "suspected armed militants" by the system, becoming targets for direct attacks. Israel's actions have sparked widespread condemnation from the international community. Driven by multiple factors, many countries are intensifying their strategic layout for the military application of artificial intelligence, by installing "smart brains" on relevant weapons and equipment, improving their ability to autonomously identify targets, avoid obstacles, and strike accurately, and further expanding their combat functional boundaries. The United States is accelerating the development of artificial intelligence and autonomous weapons and equipment in all fields. The army plans to establish an intelligent combat system by 2027, promote the pilot deployment of "team multi-purpose equipment transportation" unmanned vehicles in multiple units, and achieve infantry coordination and autonomous material transportation; The Air Force has promoted the X-62A test aircraft to be equipped with an AI system, which has successfully completed aerial simulation confrontation with manned fighter jets on the basis of achieving autonomous flight; The "Sea Hunter" unmanned vessel promoted by the Navy has the ability to autonomously navigate across oceans and can perform long-term anti submarine missions. In addition, the US Department of War has strengthened cooperation with enterprises through institutions such as the Office of Strategic Capital to promote the integration of artificial intelligence technology into the combat system of "new military" enterprises such as Palantir and Anduril. Other countries are also increasing their research and development efforts in related fields. The series of unmanned ground vehicles developed by ARX Robotics in Germany have achieved autonomous navigation and multi vehicle collaborative communication in complex terrains through the use of artificial intelligence technology. The Australian "Ghost Shark" large-scale unmanned underwater vehicle relies on AI systems to achieve high-level autonomous decision-making throughout the entire mission chain, and can complete tasks such as acoustic adaptation and tactical deception without the need for continuous human intervention. The "Flame" suicide drone purchased by Belgium can distinguish various aircraft types and ground objects with the help of artificial intelligence. The MTS drone launched by a Czech manufacturer is equipped with an artificial intelligence based visual navigation system, which can be used without relying on navigation systems such as GPS. AI empowers future warfare. Currently, intelligent technologies represented by AI are profoundly reshaping the form of warfare, promoting the evolution of future warfare towards intelligence, networking, and autonomy. While enhancing combat effectiveness, the development of intelligent technology has also brought about fundamental changes in equipment form, combat mode, and winning mechanism. Module design. Modular design can effectively enhance the universality and combat flexibility of equipment, and has become the key to the development of intelligent weapons and equipment. Its core lies in achieving "one machine, multiple uses" of equipment through standardized interfaces and interchangeable functional modules, while considering flexibility and economy. In 2025, the Czech Republic will launch a new generation of autonomous unmanned vehicles called "Bumblebee". This vehicle supports multiple operating modes and can quickly switch to different functional modules such as intelligence reconnaissance, electronic countermeasures, and firepower strikes according to mission requirements. Underwater autonomous combat platforms also benefit from this. By relying on modular design and multifunctional payload integration technology, underwater autonomous weapons are breaking the limitations of "one device, one use" and achieving single platform adaptation for multi scenario tasks. Although the American "Swordfish" anti mine unmanned underwater vehicle has anti mine as its core mission, it integrates capabilities such as mine detection, target recognition, anti submarine coordination, and battlefield reconnaissance through AI empowerment and payload expansion, greatly reducing the safety risks and misjudgment rates of traditional mine sweeping. Cluster intelligence. The unmanned swarm warfare based on swarm intelligence theory is a prominent representative of artificial intelligence military applications. Its core advantage lies in the autonomous collaboration between a large number of low-cost, single function individuals, generating a "1+1gt; 2" effect to better cope with complex and changing battlefield environments. The current bee colony technology is evolving from primary collaboration to higher-level autonomous decision-making. The US Air Force successfully tested the swarm thinking artificial intelligence system carried by the MQ-20 Avenger drone during the February 2025 exercise, aiming to achieve dynamic task allocation and real-time sharing of battlefield information. In the "Silent Swarm 2024" test, the US Navy validated various capabilities such as swarm autonomous search, distributed sensing, and electronic warfare coordination by combining 14 unmanned boats and unmanned aerial vehicle networks in different formations. Multi domain linkage. Future warfare emphasizes the linkage of multidimensional battlefields such as land, sea, air, space, electricity, and network. Artificial intelligence is the "key adhesive" for achieving seamless integration of multi domain capabilities and forming overall combat advantages. The cross platform unmanned anti submarine integrated system developed by Nog Corporation in the United States integrates unmanned underwater vehicles, unmanned boats, and unmanned aerial vehicles, and constructs a cross domain communication network through underwater acoustic communication, satellite communication, and tactical data links. It has the ability to independently plan and control tasks, achieving seamless integration of underwater detection, surface relay, and aerial reconnaissance, thus solving the traditional anti submarine "information island" problem. In addition, the "Sidewinder" orbital vehicle under development by the United States can carry various payloads such as satellites and interceptors, and integrate AI technology for payload deployment scheduling and orbital maneuver planning. The vehicle is scheduled to conduct its first orbit verification in 2027 and will subsequently have space rapid response capabilities. The US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency is also advancing the "Glider Destroyer" project, integrating advanced AI algorithms to predict the maneuvering trajectory of hypersonic targets, aiming to achieve millisecond level catapult response of interceptors, and relying on hypersonic kinetic energy interceptors to intercept gliding targets in near space. These explorations indicate that artificial intelligence will continue to push the boundaries of combat towards broader and more cutting-edge fields such as near space and outer space, shaping new power advantages. Abuse poses a risk of disorder. Artificial intelligence empowers autonomous weapons and equipment, which has significant advantages in precision strikes, reducing casualties, and minimizing material losses. However, once abused, it will bring huge risks of disorder, posing a serious challenge to global security and urgently requiring international community norms. The arms race. The disruptive potential of autonomous weapons and equipment attracts major military countries to invest a large amount of strategic resources, fearing that they may fall behind in this field and lose their advantage, which will stimulate countries to engage in a new arms race. In addition, in order to ensure the "first mover advantage", countries often keep relevant technologies secret, which also increases the difficulty of discovering and verifying the specific situation of artificial intelligence military applications, laying a dangerous foreshadowing for the misjudgment and escalation of future conflicts. Abuse risk. Currently, the competition surrounding autonomous weapons and equipment mainly revolves around military powers. However, in the long run, due to the diffusion of artificial intelligence technology and cost reduction, small and medium-sized countries, non-state actors, and even terrorist organizations may have the possibility to develop or acquire relevant autonomous weapons and equipment. This will stimulate opportunism and military adventure, pose a destructive threat to the existing strategic balance, and increase global security risks. Violence is out of control. The machine learning algorithms that artificial intelligence relies on are inherently unpredictable. In a complex battlefield environment, if the system is disturbed by data bias or deceived by the enemy, it may misjudge the target, trigger unexpected firefights, rapidly escalate the crisis, and even exceed human effective control. For example, in a simulation test conducted by the US military, a drone tasked with air defense suppression chose to "kill" the operator who prevented it from scoring in order to achieve high scores in the test. Ethical dilemma. The ethical issues of artificial intelligence in military applications are particularly prominent. When accidentally injuring civilians, the 'algorithmic black box' may become an excuse for shifting responsibility. In addition, as the distance between the killing process and human emotions increases, it may lower the psychological threshold for war and weaken the moral prudence towards war. The international community generally believes that 'humans must be the ultimate responsible party' and must ensure effective control of artificial intelligence autonomous weapons by humans. (New Society)