2026 is the starting year of the 15th Five Year Plan. Recently, the provincial two sessions have opened one after another, and in the work reports of many local governments, the livelihood issues related to people's clothing, food, housing, and transportation have received much attention. Reporters have found that as of now, government work reports from provinces such as Beijing, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Henan, and Hebei have reviewed multiple measures and achievements related to people's livelihoods in 2025, and deployed plans for people's livelihood work in 2026 from multiple aspects such as childbirth, elderly care, education, and employment. 'One Elderly and One Primary': Guangdong has had over one million births for six consecutive years, while Zhejiang plans to offer courses such as artificial intelligence at senior universities. Reviewing work reports from multiple provincial governments, 'one elderly and one primary' is a key focus of people's livelihood work. Regarding childbirth, in addition to the gradual implementation of childcare subsidies and free education policies for the first year of preschool throughout the country, many provinces have also mentioned measures such as maternity insurance, maternity leave, and childcare services. For example, Guangdong introduced that by 2025, the province will implement a one-year free preschool education policy, benefiting 1.68 million children. In addition, Guangdong also mentioned that it has been the only province in China with a birth rate exceeding one million for six consecutive years. Beijing has proposed to implement policies such as childcare subsidies, maternity insurance, and maternity leave by 2026, supporting eligible kindergartens to provide childcare services, and increasing the proportion of inclusive childcare spaces to 68%. In addition, both Zhejiang and Henan have proposed to implement early pregnancy care actions and plans to enhance the ability to prevent and control pregnancy and birth defects by 2026. Among them, Zhejiang will achieve "zero out of pocket" childbirth expenses within the policy scope of pre delivery examinations and hospital deliveries for insured pregnant and postpartum women with a population of over 300000 in the province. In terms of elderly care services, various regions have taken diverse and detailed measures, covering multiple perspectives such as elderly care service networks, long-term care insurance, construction of elderly care meal assistance, aging adaptation, and barrier free transformation. For example, Henan proposed to improve the three-tier elderly care service network covering urban and rural areas, develop embedded community elderly care, rural home-based elderly care, and village level mutual assistance elderly care services; Guangdong proposes to implement a long-term care insurance system and improve the care system for elderly people with disabilities and dementia; By 2025, Beijing will add 7701 family elderly care beds, install 869 elevators in old buildings, and provide elderly care meals to over 90% of urban and rural communities; In 2026, Zhejiang will promote the renovation of aging friendly and barrier free facilities, and add 30000 new university (school) degrees for the elderly, as well as develop 100 new courses in elderly education such as artificial intelligence and health care. Education: The construction of vocational undergraduate colleges has become a hot topic, and many places have deployed measures to promote the mental health of young people in basic education. In addition to Henan, Guangdong and other provinces proposing to increase public school places in primary and secondary schools, Beijing also mentioned the need to "strengthen AI enabled education throughout the entire school, coordinate the promotion of 'double reduction' and improve the quality of education and teaching". Hebei has stated that by 2026, 500 primary and secondary school sports venues will be upgraded and renovated. For higher education and vocational education, Guangdong has pointed out that by 2025, three new undergraduate level vocational schools will be established in Guangdong, and the Greater Bay Area University will be officially established; Henan Province proposes to increase the average student funding for provincial public ordinary universities by 1000 yuan during the 15th Five Year Plan period, and support eligible vocational colleges to upgrade to vocational undergraduate universities; Beijing has proposed to expand the enrollment scale of vocational undergraduate colleges and expand the channels for the growth and development of vocational and general education students. It is worth noting that the mental health of adolescents and children has received attention from many government work reports. Among the ten livelihood issues proposed by Guangdong Province in 2026, it includes "providing home school community collaborative mental health services for young people"; Zhejiang has proposed to conduct free autism screening for children aged 0-6 in the province by 2026, and provide psychological health assessment interventions for 10000 disadvantaged and left behind children. Employment: Rural revitalization has become an important field, focusing on flexible employment and protecting the rights and interests of new forms of employment. Employment is the biggest livelihood concern and has also become a high-frequency term at the recently held provincial two sessions. In the government work report, Guangdong, Beijing, Hebei, Henan and other places mentioned the need to carry out stable employment, expansion and quality improvement actions to stabilize the employment of key groups such as college graduates, migrant workers, and retired soldiers. Among them, rural revitalization has become a field for many provinces to increase employment and encourage entrepreneurship. For example, Zhejiang proposed to cultivate 1000 rural operation talents and drive 10000 young people to develop in rural areas; Henan will continue to implement the special plan of village level coordinators for rural revitalization and 10000 college students to assist enterprises. Beijing proposes to strengthen the protection of the rights and interests of flexible and new forms of employment workers, and maintain harmonious and stable labor relations; Hebei proposes to support groups such as flexible employment personnel and new forms of employment to participate in insurance. Housing: Optimizing the construction and supply of affordable housing. Guangdong and Beijing are strengthening the renovation of old residential areas. In terms of housing, Guangdong has pointed out that measures should be taken according to the city to control increment, reduce inventory, optimize supply, and promote the active utilization of idle commercial and office buildings. In addition, many places are making efforts to renovate old residential areas and improve living environments. For example, Beijing has proposed to renovate more than 300 old residential areas and install more than 800 elevators in old buildings by 2026; Guangdong will steadily promote the transformation of urban villages and start renovating 600 old residential areas. Meanwhile, multiple provinces are optimizing the supply of affordable housing. Among them, Zhejiang will deliver 150000 sets (rooms) of affordable rental housing throughout 2025; Beijing has raised 67000 units of affordable rental housing and completed 100000 units of various types of affordable housing, promoting the construction of "good houses" in an orderly manner; Guangdong has proposed to strengthen the construction and fundraising of affordable housing and improve the housing rental market system by 2026. (New Society)