On March 3rd at 20:00, the first batch of clinical concept validation surgeries, which enabled paralyzed individuals to walk again through a spinal interface, were successfully performed at Huashan Hospital affiliated with Fudan University. On the noon of March 4th, as the device was turned on, the verification of the brain spine connection was successful. With the assistance of artificial intelligence, the legs of the patient who had been paralyzed for a long time began to move independently. From January to February this year, the Jia Fumin team from the Institute of Brain Intelligence Science and Technology at Fudan University, in collaboration with Zhongshan Hospital affiliated with Fudan University, completed three clinical concept validation surgeries. Patients with severe spinal cord injuries were able to achieve autonomous leg control and walking within two weeks. All of this stems from the world's first "three in one" brain spinal interface technology developed by the JiaFumin team - electrodes implanted in the brain to collect patients' motor intentions, which are used to drive spinal cord stimulators to act on spinal nerve roots, thereby activating lower limb muscles and rebuilding patients' motor function, helping them regain their walking ability. The first patient to undergo the surgery was 34 year old Kobayashi (pseudonym). Two years ago, Xiaolin accidentally fell from a height of 3 meters above the ground, resulting in spinal cord injury and paralysis. Over the past two years, Xiaolin and his family have been seeking medical treatment in various places. On October 5th last year, the Jiafumin team made new progress in the development of implantable spinal interface technology and announced the recruitment of volunteers. Xiaolin signed up on the same day. On January 8th of this year, Xiaolin underwent surgery at Zhongshan Hospital. Within 24 hours after the surgery, both of his left and right legs were able to lift up. The next physical changes are so fast that they can be calculated in "days": on the third day, autonomous movement of both lower limbs under brain control will be achieved; On the tenth day, under the support of gravity suspension, one can autonomously control the stride of both lower limbs through their own movement intention; On the fourteenth day, the motor reaction ability gradually improved, and the right leg was able to quickly react to lifting and crossing moving obstacles. Under suspension, it was able to walk independently using a stand for more than 5 meters. Unlike brain computer interfaces that use brainwave recognition to command external devices such as robotic arms, remote-controlled wheelchairs, mice, etc., brain spinal interfaces build a "neural bridge" between the brain and spinal cord, collect and decode brainwave signals, and provide spatiotemporal electrical stimulation to specific nerve roots, allowing paralyzed individuals to regain control of their limbs. In order to reduce surgical trauma, improve the stability and efficiency of EEG signal acquisition, the Jiafumin team adopts the "three in one" method, which integrates multiple devices into one brain implantable micro device. Through minimally invasive surgery, two electrode chips with a diameter of about 1 millimeter are implanted into the motor brain area. The brain and spinal cord surgery can be completed in one time, taking only about 4 hours. According to the 2023 edition of the "Research Report on the Quality of Life and Disease Burden of Spinal Cord Injury Patients in China", there are currently 3.74 million spinal cord injury patients in China, and about 90000 new spinal cord injury patients are added each year. There are 20 million spinal cord injury patients worldwide. Once the brain spine interface technology can be clinically translated, it will open the door of hope for many patients and families. (New Society)