High temperatures, heat waves, and locally high temperatures exceeding 40 ℃... Recently, the number of heat stroke cases received by medical institutions in many parts of China has been increasing. What is heat stroke? How to scientifically prevent and control? Which groups of people need more care in high temperatures?? The most severe type of heatstroke: Identify heatstroke as early as possible. Heat stroke is the most serious type of heatstroke, with high harm and mortality rate. Wang Junhong, Deputy Chief Physician of the Emergency Department of Peking University Third Hospital, said that in hot and humid environments, the human body's heat production and heat dissipation regulation functions are imbalanced, the "cooling system" collapses, the core temperature rapidly rises and exceeds 40 ℃, the brain "shuts down", and delirium, convulsions, coma, and multiple organ dysfunction occur. This is the pathogenesis and symptoms of heat stroke. Heat stroke does not occur suddenly, but rather has a gradual process. The key to prevention and treatment lies in "early detection, early cooling, and early medical treatment". Li Xiaojing, Executive Deputy Director of the Emergency Department of Peking University First Hospital, introduced that heatstroke is divided into stages such as premonitory, mild, moderate, and severe heatstroke. When threatened with heatstroke, dizziness, fatigue, sweating, and thirst may occur. If the body temperature rises and fever occurs without a change in consciousness, it enters the stage of mild heatstroke. Without intervention, it can lead to high fever accompanied by limb convulsions and consciousness disorders. For premonitory and mild heatstroke, patients should be quickly transferred to a cool and ventilated place, their clothes should be removed, their bodies should be wiped with cold water or a damp towel, and they should be supplemented with salty drinks. Once suspected symptoms of heat stroke occur, immediate medical attention should be sought. While waiting for an ambulance, ice packs can be applied to the neck, armpits, etc. to help quickly cool down. ”Li Xiaojing said. From the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine, insufficient vital energy and external heat can lead to heatstroke, and dampness is also a key factor in the onset of the disease. Huang Ye, Director of the Emergency Department and Intensive Care Unit at Xiyuan Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, pointed out that after heatstroke, acupuncture can be performed on acupoints such as Hegu, Renzhong, and Neiguan. At the same time, blood can be drawn from the Shixuan acupoint to release heat and awaken the mind; Or use a scraping board to repeatedly scrape the patient's neck, back, and limbs on the bent side, until there are scraping marks on the skin that the patient can tolerate, to help clear meridians, dissipate heat, and relieve heatstroke; Traditional Chinese patent medicines and simple preparations for clearing heat and relieving heat can also be selected according to the specific syndrome type of heatstroke. Pay attention to "high-risk groups": "Avoiding sun exposure and replenishing water" is key. Some occupational groups face a higher risk of heatstroke. Outdoor workers such as construction workers, sanitation workers, traffic police, and couriers have become a high-risk group for heat stroke due to prolonged exposure to high temperatures. Avoiding sun exposure and replenishing water is key. Yang Peng, a researcher at the Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, reminds workers to pay attention to weather forecasts in a timely manner, arrange their workload and work schedule reasonably, avoid working outdoors during high temperature periods, or reduce their workload appropriately during high temperature periods; Try to rest in a cool place and drink plenty of water during breaks. Elderly people, children, chronic disease patients, and pregnant women are also "key protected objects". Wang Quan, Chief Physician of the Intensive Care Medicine Department at Beijing Children's Hospital, reminds these groups to avoid high temperature and high humidity environments as much as possible; Children should choose shaded areas for outdoor activities in the morning or evening as much as possible; Pregnant women and elderly people should try to stay indoors in a cool environment; Patients with chronic underlying diseases should drink water in moderation. It is worth noting that in recent years, incidents of "closed carriage heat stroke" have occurred frequently. Li Xiaojing reminds us that in summer, the temperature in cars parked outdoors can soar by 20 ℃ in just 10 minutes. Children who are forgotten in the car may face fatal risks in a short period of time. Health "Compulsory Course": Providing "Cooling Formula" for High Temperature Care. Experts suggest that under sustained high temperatures, some specific scenarios also need to be vigilant. Sudden entry into a high-temperature environment may lead to illness due to inadequate adaptability; The stuffy sleeping environment at night may also cause heatstroke. In recent years, the country has successively introduced a series of caring measures - meteorological departments have strengthened the issuance of high temperature warnings; The All China Federation of Trade Unions requires trade unions at all levels to supervise employers to layout production sites reasonably and issue high-temperature allowances according to regulations; The National Health Commission and the National Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention jointly deploy heatstroke prevention and cooling measures for key industries, positions, and populations; The National Center for Disease Control and Prevention has put forward health risk intervention measures and suggestions for the population in response to the health problems caused by summer heat waves... Social forces have brought summer "cooling formulas" into the community: paying attention to new forms of employment such as truck drivers, and combining online and offline activities to carry out cooling activities; Build "cool stations" in multiple places and distribute "summer cool gift packages"; Some companies provide "high-temperature subsidies" and rest stations for couriers and food delivery riders; Medical institutions have established a "heatstroke emergency green channel" to improve the efficiency of heatstroke treatment... Protecting life under high temperatures is a "mandatory course" for health - using care to convey coolness, building defense lines through science popularization, and caring for life safety under high temperatures with care! (New Society)