At about 23:00 on the 10th Beijing time, a research achievement of the Han Shuo research team of the Center for Excellence and Innovation in Molecular Cell Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was published online in the international academic journal Nature. This study aims to develop a novel proximity marker technology to assist in precise targeting of cancer cells. The proximity tagging technology with powerful tagging capabilities enables scientists to accurately identify the "social circles" of specific molecules in the microscopic world. In the words of Han Shuo, a researcher at the Center for Excellence and Innovation in Molecular Cell Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, this technology is to label the "neighbors" of specific molecules with designed labels. The research team is committed to turning this observation tool into a therapeutic approach. The team has transformed proximity labeling technology into a 'therapeutic weapon' by developing an engineered nanoenzyme. In the in vitro study of mouse tumor model and breast cancer, gastric cancer, and colorectal cancer related patient samples, the "therapeutic weapon" has obvious impact. Han Shuo stated in an interview that in the immunotherapy of the above-mentioned cancer model, this method can improve the striking effect by tens or even hundreds of times. Specifically, in cancer immunotherapy, immune cells require strong and sufficient "signals" to launch attacks, but the natural signals on the surface of cancer cells are often very "sparse". Researchers used red light or ultrasound to label engineered nanoenzymes in experimental mice, creating a powerful artificial target on the surface of cancer cells. This high-density marking is not only a simple guide, but also a call to arms for combat, triggering the "strongest attack mode" and delivering precise strikes to the corresponding areas. Li Shuojun, a postdoctoral fellow of the Center for Excellence and Innovation in Molecular Cell Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that this method also has some limitations. For example, researchers have found that for some melanoma cells, it is difficult to "penetrate" them solely through red light irradiation, and corresponding instructions cannot be issued. Overall, this study is expected to open up new avenues for developing smarter and more efficient next-generation immunotherapies. (New Society)