In the exploration of fighting drug-resistant bacteria, the research team from Monash University and Alfred Hospital in Australia has taken a crucial step forward. They have developed a new phage therapy product called Entelli-02, which utilizes bacterial viruses (bacteriophages) to combat the deadly Enterobacter cloacae complex (ECC). Researchers say that the launch of Entelli-02 is not only a medical breakthrough, but also a tool for frontline clinical use, which can be used to combat refractory infections. The relevant results were published in the latest issue of the journal Nature Microbiology. ECC is a common pathogen causing nosocomial infections and is known for its strong drug resistance. In 2019, they caused over 200000 deaths worldwide and developed resistance to multiple antibiotics as the last line of defense, becoming a major challenge in hospital infection control. Entelli-02 is a cocktail composed of five bacteriophages. The team utilized bacterial isolates collected over the past 10 years and continuously optimized the formula through phage screening, genetic modification, and preclinical testing. The final product can kill. Initially, the team only used 3 types of bacteriophages, but through iterative design, they gradually introduced genetically modified bacteriophages and supplemented them with two more effective bacteriophages to form the final formula. This product meets therapeutic grade standards and meets the sterility and safety requirements for intravenous infusion products under the Australian Medicines Agency's Special Use Program. This means that there is already feasibility for clinical application. (New Society)