As the Spring Festival approaches, the tolerance of hemodialysis patients decreases, and their diet and daily routine are prone to disorder during the holiday period. Good health management is crucial for a smooth winter and a peaceful Chinese New Year. The concluding lesson of the Blood Dialysis Center of the Third People's Hospital of Gansu Province focuses on four dimensions: dialysis, diet, daily life, and emergency response, to build a strong health defense line for hemodialysis patients. ◎ Prioritize dialysis management rules, never slack off on details, and strictly follow the dialysis plan: During the Spring Festival, do not change the dialysis time or reduce the number of dialysis sessions without authorization due to visiting relatives and friends, dining or playing together. Regular dialysis is the core guarantee for clearing toxins and excess water in the body. If adjustments are necessary, it is important to communicate with the attending physician and dialysis room in advance to develop alternative plans. Pay attention to monitoring during dialysis intervals: monitor body weight daily, control weight gain during dialysis intervals not to exceed 5% of dry weight, and avoid increasing the burden on the heart due to excessive water intake; Pay attention to changes in blood pressure and blood sugar, keep records, and provide timely feedback to the doctor during follow-up visits. Proper care after dialysis: In winter, when the temperature is low, the puncture site should be pressurized to stop bleeding until complete coagulation is achieved, and rubbing should be avoided; Keep the puncture site clean and dry to prevent frostbite and infection. If there is redness, swelling, bleeding, pain, etc., seek medical attention promptly. ◎ Dietary management holiday table, holding the bottom line of "eating and drinking", controlling water and sodium is the key: in winter, dryness and thirst are easy, which can be relieved by drinking slowly with ice cubes and small sips, avoiding drinking a large amount of water at once; Reduce the intake of pickles, bacon, processed meat products, and pickled snacks. Cooking mainly focuses on steaming, boiling, and stewing, with less salt and less sauce, to prevent water and sodium retention from causing edema and hypertension. Moderate supplementation of high-quality protein: Choose high-quality low phosphorus proteins such as eggs, milk, lean meat, fish, etc., which not only meet the body's nutritional needs but also reduce the burden on the kidneys. Daily protein intake should follow medical advice to avoid excessive intake. Careful selection of high potassium and high phosphorus foods: Nuts, bananas, oranges, potatoes, spinach, hotpot soup, meat broth, and other common foods during the Chinese New Year are high in potassium and phosphorus. Patients undergoing hemodialysis should strictly control their intake and consult a doctor before consumption. Blanching some vegetables can reduce potassium content. Refusing alcohol and tobacco: Alcohol can increase the burden on the liver and may also affect blood pressure stability, leading to cardiovascular complications; Smoking can damage blood vessels and increase the risk of cardiovascular disease in dialysis patients. ◎ Life management: Keep warm and maintain a regular daily routine. Take good care of warmth and protection: During the cold season, the temperature is low and the immune system of hemodialysis patients is weak. When going out, wear hats, scarves, gloves, and warm shoes, and focus on protecting the limbs on the dialysis fistula side to avoid blood vessel constriction and fistula blockage caused by exposure to cold; Maintain a suitable indoor temperature to avoid sudden changes in temperature. Maintain a regular schedule: During holidays, avoid staying up late to watch the New Year and engaging in prolonged entertainment. Ensure 7-8 hours of sleep per day. Adequate rest can enhance the body's resistance and reduce the risk of infection. Moderate and gentle exercise: choose gentle exercise methods such as walking and Tai Chi, avoid vigorous exercise, and exercise for a period of time when the body is slightly warm, which can promote blood circulation, maintain fistula function, and enhance physical fitness. Be prepared for emergencies and prepare a "life-saving plan". Prepare commonly used medications such as antihypertensive drugs and hypoglycemic drugs in advance to ensure sufficient medication during holidays. Take medication on time and in the appropriate amount, and do not stop or change medication without authorization. Remember emergency information: Carry a medical record book, dialysis record card, and emergency contact phone number with you. If you experience chest tightness, shortness of breath, worsening edema, sudden rise or drop in blood pressure, limb numbness or weakness, etc., immediately call the emergency phone number or go to the hospital for treatment. Reduce gatherings and prevent infections: During the Chinese New Year, there is a high flow of people, so it is advisable to avoid crowded places as much as possible. Wear masks when going out, wash hands promptly after returning home, and prevent respiratory infectious diseases such as colds and flu. If symptoms such as fever and cough occur, inform the doctor in a timely manner. (New Society)